Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 16 Researches
7.5
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 2 Reviews
8.6
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1 Tablet
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)
25 mcg (1,000 IU)
130%
Vitamin K K-2 (MK-4) (Menaquinone)
100 mcg
80%
Calcium (as dicalcium phosphate)
32 mg
2%
Top Medical Research Studies
9
We explored how Vitamin D3 impacts autoimmune thyroiditis, a specific autoimmune disorder. In this study, researchers established a mouse model of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) to see how Vitamin D3 could influence this condition. After eight weeks of treatment, they assessed thyroid health and immune response through various methods, including staining tissues and measuring hormone levels.
Our observations revealed that administering Vitamin D3 helped reduce damage to the thyroid and decreased the presence of inflammatory cells within the thyroid. This treatment also led to lower levels of thyroid hormones and autoimmune antibodies in the blood, highlighting its positive effect on thyroid function. Additionally, Vitamin D3 appeared to promote the regulatory T cell (Treg) subset while decreasing the levels of Th17 cells, which are often involved in autoimmune processes.
Mechanistically, the study found that Vitamin D3 triggered specific pathways that influence Treg cell activity and survival. Notably, it activated a signaling pathway involving YAP and JAK/STAT, which are crucial for immune cell regulation. These findings suggest that Vitamin D3 could play a significant role in balancing immune responses in autoimmune thyroiditis, making it a promising candidate for further research and potential treatment strategies.
Our observations revealed that administering Vitamin D3 helped reduce damage to the thyroid and decreased the presence of inflammatory cells within the thyroid. This treatment also led to lower levels of thyroid hormones and autoimmune antibodies in the blood, highlighting its positive effect on thyroid function. Additionally, Vitamin D3 appeared to promote the regulatory T cell (Treg) subset while decreasing the levels of Th17 cells, which are often involved in autoimmune processes.
Mechanistically, the study found that Vitamin D3 triggered specific pathways that influence Treg cell activity and survival. Notably, it activated a signaling pathway involving YAP and JAK/STAT, which are crucial for immune cell regulation. These findings suggest that Vitamin D3 could play a significant role in balancing immune responses in autoimmune thyroiditis, making it a promising candidate for further research and potential treatment strategies.
Read More
9
Vitamin D3 mitigates autoimmune thyroiditis
Our research aimed to understand how vitamin D3 affects autoimmune thyroiditis, particularly in the context of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which is characterized by low levels of vitamin D3 in patients. We induced a model of autoimmune thyroiditis in female mice and treated them with vitamin D3 to see if it could alleviate the symptoms of this condition.
After 8 weeks of treatment, we observed that vitamin D3 significantly improved the condition of the thyroid in these mice. The inflammation that commonly accompanies autoimmune thyroiditis decreased, and levels of thyroid autoantibodies, which indicate the severity of the disorder, also dropped. Notably, the application of vitamin D3 inhibited the activity of harmful immune cells while promoting the function of protective cells, providing a better balance in the immune response.
Overall, our findings suggest that vitamin D3 supplementation could be a promising strategy to manage autoimmune thyroiditis by restoring immune balance and reducing inflammation. This not only enhances our understanding of the disease but also opens up potential avenues for treatment in humans facing similar issues with autoimmune disorders.
After 8 weeks of treatment, we observed that vitamin D3 significantly improved the condition of the thyroid in these mice. The inflammation that commonly accompanies autoimmune thyroiditis decreased, and levels of thyroid autoantibodies, which indicate the severity of the disorder, also dropped. Notably, the application of vitamin D3 inhibited the activity of harmful immune cells while promoting the function of protective cells, providing a better balance in the immune response.
Overall, our findings suggest that vitamin D3 supplementation could be a promising strategy to manage autoimmune thyroiditis by restoring immune balance and reducing inflammation. This not only enhances our understanding of the disease but also opens up potential avenues for treatment in humans facing similar issues with autoimmune disorders.
Read More
9
We aimed to understand how vitamin D3, specifically its active form 1,25(OH)D, affects autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a complex autoimmune disease that causes liver damage. Researchers focused on the role of a special type of immune cell known as dendritic cells (DCs), which are influenced by vitamin D3 to promote a more balanced immune response.
Through our investigation using a mouse model, we observed that injecting these vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells, which overexpress a molecule called PD-L1, significantly lessened liver injury and severity of autoimmune hepatitis. This treatment appeared to correct the imbalance between two types of T cells: regulatory T cells (TFR) and follicular helper T cells (TFH).
By increasing the TFR population and restoring their balance with TFH cells, vitamin D3 treatment helped regulate this immune response. Additionally, the infusion boosted the production of anti-inflammatory substances while decreasing those linked to inflammation, suggesting a potential new avenue for treating autoimmune hepatitis. Overall, these findings indicate that vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells could be a promising strategy for managing autoimmune conditions like AIH.
Through our investigation using a mouse model, we observed that injecting these vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells, which overexpress a molecule called PD-L1, significantly lessened liver injury and severity of autoimmune hepatitis. This treatment appeared to correct the imbalance between two types of T cells: regulatory T cells (TFR) and follicular helper T cells (TFH).
By increasing the TFR population and restoring their balance with TFH cells, vitamin D3 treatment helped regulate this immune response. Additionally, the infusion boosted the production of anti-inflammatory substances while decreasing those linked to inflammation, suggesting a potential new avenue for treating autoimmune hepatitis. Overall, these findings indicate that vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells could be a promising strategy for managing autoimmune conditions like AIH.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
8.8
Prevention of diseases
Dosage D3 for prevention is 10,000 IU. For autoimmune disorders, the dosage ranges from 20,000 to 40,000 IU nightly. Vitamin D3 is absorbed better with some fat in the stomach, such as Omega-3, and should ideally be combined with K2 at a dosage of 100 mcg for every 10,000 IU of D3. This complex contains both nutrients and is recommended to be taken before bed for optimal absorption and relaxation.
Read More
8.8
Effective absorption method
A prophylactic dose of D3 at 10,000 IU is ideal for autoimmune disorders, with a 20,000 to 40,000 IU nightly dose recommended. As Vitamin D3 is fat-soluble, some stomach fat, like Omega-3, is needed for absorption. It's important to take D3 with K2, at a dose of 100 mcg for every 10,000 IU D3, before bedtime for enhanced relaxation and efficiency.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 16 Researches
7.5
- All Researches
9
Vitamin D3 mitigates autoimmune thyroiditis
Our research aimed to understand how vitamin D3 affects autoimmune thyroiditis, particularly in the context of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which is characterized by low levels of vitamin D3 in patients. We induced a model of autoimmune thyroiditis in female mice and treated them with vitamin D3 to see if it could alleviate the symptoms of this condition.
After 8 weeks of treatment, we observed that vitamin D3 significantly improved the condition of the thyroid in these mice. The inflammation that commonly accompanies autoimmune thyroiditis decreased, and levels of thyroid autoantibodies, which indicate the severity of the disorder, also dropped. Notably, the application of vitamin D3 inhibited the activity of harmful immune cells while promoting the function of protective cells, providing a better balance in the immune response.
Overall, our findings suggest that vitamin D3 supplementation could be a promising strategy to manage autoimmune thyroiditis by restoring immune balance and reducing inflammation. This not only enhances our understanding of the disease but also opens up potential avenues for treatment in humans facing similar issues with autoimmune disorders.
After 8 weeks of treatment, we observed that vitamin D3 significantly improved the condition of the thyroid in these mice. The inflammation that commonly accompanies autoimmune thyroiditis decreased, and levels of thyroid autoantibodies, which indicate the severity of the disorder, also dropped. Notably, the application of vitamin D3 inhibited the activity of harmful immune cells while promoting the function of protective cells, providing a better balance in the immune response.
Overall, our findings suggest that vitamin D3 supplementation could be a promising strategy to manage autoimmune thyroiditis by restoring immune balance and reducing inflammation. This not only enhances our understanding of the disease but also opens up potential avenues for treatment in humans facing similar issues with autoimmune disorders.
Read More
9
We explored an intriguing instance of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) manifesting as Mikulicz syndrome in an 85-year-old male patient. This condition usually involves significant systemic symptoms, yet our patient exhibited primarily local manifestations, specifically bilateral dacryoadenitis and orbital pseudotumor, without major organ complications.
Interestingly, despite normal serum IgG4 levels, which were below 135 mg/dL, the clinical and imaging findings strongly suggested the diagnosis of IgG4-RD. This scenario underscores the importance of undertaking a biopsy for accurate diagnosis. Histopathological examination revealed notable signs, such as a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and storiform fibrosis, with a considerable percentage of IgG4-positive cells, ultimately confirming our diagnosis.
We observed that treatment with prednisone, alongside azathioprine for long-term control, was effective. To mitigate the risk of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, we added calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation. Remarkably, the patient showed significant clinical improvement within just 24 hours, with resolution of orbital and glandular symptoms over the following year. There was a complete recovery of vision and no relapses, with only minor dry eye as a long-term concern.
This case demonstrates the necessity of considering IgG4-RD even when serum IgG4 levels are normal and highlights the role of histopathology in diagnosis. Furthermore, it showcases the effectiveness of corticosteroids as a first-line treatment in managing this condition.
Interestingly, despite normal serum IgG4 levels, which were below 135 mg/dL, the clinical and imaging findings strongly suggested the diagnosis of IgG4-RD. This scenario underscores the importance of undertaking a biopsy for accurate diagnosis. Histopathological examination revealed notable signs, such as a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and storiform fibrosis, with a considerable percentage of IgG4-positive cells, ultimately confirming our diagnosis.
We observed that treatment with prednisone, alongside azathioprine for long-term control, was effective. To mitigate the risk of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, we added calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation. Remarkably, the patient showed significant clinical improvement within just 24 hours, with resolution of orbital and glandular symptoms over the following year. There was a complete recovery of vision and no relapses, with only minor dry eye as a long-term concern.
This case demonstrates the necessity of considering IgG4-RD even when serum IgG4 levels are normal and highlights the role of histopathology in diagnosis. Furthermore, it showcases the effectiveness of corticosteroids as a first-line treatment in managing this condition.
Read More
9
Calcitriol improves immune regulation
We examined the effects of calcitriol, an active form of vitamin D3, on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a model of rheumatoid arthritis. To do this, we induced arthritis in BALB/c mice and divided them into three groups: those without treatment, those treated with untreated MSCs, and those treated with calcitriol-exposed MSCs.
After conducting our experiments, we found that MSCs treated with calcitriol demonstrated improved regulatory functions and inhibited inflammatory responses more effectively than untreated MSCs. Specifically, we observed differences in the behavior of immune cells, with calcitriol-treated cells showing reduced levels of certain inflammatory cytokines, like INF-γ and IL-17, while increasing beneficial cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β.
These findings suggest that vitamin D3 may play an important role in moderating the immune response in autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, potentially offering a pathway for more effective treatment options.
After conducting our experiments, we found that MSCs treated with calcitriol demonstrated improved regulatory functions and inhibited inflammatory responses more effectively than untreated MSCs. Specifically, we observed differences in the behavior of immune cells, with calcitriol-treated cells showing reduced levels of certain inflammatory cytokines, like INF-γ and IL-17, while increasing beneficial cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β.
These findings suggest that vitamin D3 may play an important role in moderating the immune response in autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, potentially offering a pathway for more effective treatment options.
Read More
9
We aimed to understand how vitamin D3, specifically its active form 1,25(OH)D, affects autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a complex autoimmune disease that causes liver damage. Researchers focused on the role of a special type of immune cell known as dendritic cells (DCs), which are influenced by vitamin D3 to promote a more balanced immune response.
Through our investigation using a mouse model, we observed that injecting these vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells, which overexpress a molecule called PD-L1, significantly lessened liver injury and severity of autoimmune hepatitis. This treatment appeared to correct the imbalance between two types of T cells: regulatory T cells (TFR) and follicular helper T cells (TFH).
By increasing the TFR population and restoring their balance with TFH cells, vitamin D3 treatment helped regulate this immune response. Additionally, the infusion boosted the production of anti-inflammatory substances while decreasing those linked to inflammation, suggesting a potential new avenue for treating autoimmune hepatitis. Overall, these findings indicate that vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells could be a promising strategy for managing autoimmune conditions like AIH.
Through our investigation using a mouse model, we observed that injecting these vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells, which overexpress a molecule called PD-L1, significantly lessened liver injury and severity of autoimmune hepatitis. This treatment appeared to correct the imbalance between two types of T cells: regulatory T cells (TFR) and follicular helper T cells (TFH).
By increasing the TFR population and restoring their balance with TFH cells, vitamin D3 treatment helped regulate this immune response. Additionally, the infusion boosted the production of anti-inflammatory substances while decreasing those linked to inflammation, suggesting a potential new avenue for treating autoimmune hepatitis. Overall, these findings indicate that vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells could be a promising strategy for managing autoimmune conditions like AIH.
Read More
9
We investigated the effects of Vitamin D modulation on autoimmune prostatitis using a mouse model. In this study, we focused on how changes in gut microbiota influence the immune response, specifically looking at how vitamin D can help shift macrophage polarization—key players in the immune system—from a pro-inflammatory state (M1) to a more healing state (M2).
We observed that treatment with Eriocalyxin B (EriB), known for its anti-inflammatory properties, significantly reduced prostate inflammation in these mice. Our findings indicate that EriB not only altered the gut microbiome but also enhanced the absorption of vitamin D, contributing to a shift in macrophage phenotype. This suggests that the immune state of macrophages, altered through gut bacteria and vitamin D levels, plays a crucial role in managing autoimmune prostatitis.
Notably, fecal transplantation from EriB-treated mice resulted in a marked reduction in inflammatory markers and further supported the macrophage polarization effect. This is the first time we connected gut microbiota and vitamin D as pivotal factors in the treatment of autoimmune disorders like chronic prostatitis, highlighting a new therapeutic pathway. Overall, our research emphasizes the importance of vitamin D in modulating autoimmune responses through gut health.
We observed that treatment with Eriocalyxin B (EriB), known for its anti-inflammatory properties, significantly reduced prostate inflammation in these mice. Our findings indicate that EriB not only altered the gut microbiome but also enhanced the absorption of vitamin D, contributing to a shift in macrophage phenotype. This suggests that the immune state of macrophages, altered through gut bacteria and vitamin D levels, plays a crucial role in managing autoimmune prostatitis.
Notably, fecal transplantation from EriB-treated mice resulted in a marked reduction in inflammatory markers and further supported the macrophage polarization effect. This is the first time we connected gut microbiota and vitamin D as pivotal factors in the treatment of autoimmune disorders like chronic prostatitis, highlighting a new therapeutic pathway. Overall, our research emphasizes the importance of vitamin D in modulating autoimmune responses through gut health.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 2 Reviews
8.6
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
8.8
Prevention of diseases
Dosage D3 for prevention is 10,000 IU. For autoimmune disorders, the dosage ranges from 20,000 to 40,000 IU nightly. Vitamin D3 is absorbed better with some fat in the stomach, such as Omega-3, and should ideally be combined with K2 at a dosage of 100 mcg for every 10,000 IU of D3. This complex contains both nutrients and is recommended to be taken before bed for optimal absorption and relaxation.
Read More
8.8
Effective absorption method
A prophylactic dose of D3 at 10,000 IU is ideal for autoimmune disorders, with a 20,000 to 40,000 IU nightly dose recommended. As Vitamin D3 is fat-soluble, some stomach fat, like Omega-3, is needed for absorption. It's important to take D3 with K2, at a dose of 100 mcg for every 10,000 IU D3, before bedtime for enhanced relaxation and efficiency.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
No FAQs are available for this product and symptom.
References
- Vernerová L, Vokurková M, Laiferová NA, Nemec M, Špiritović M, et al. Vitamin D and its receptor in skeletal muscle are associated with muscle disease manifestation, lipid metabolism and physical fitness of patients with myositis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2025;27:48. doi:10.1186/s13075-025-03516-9
- Wang CM, Chen YJ, Yang BC, Yang JW, Wang W, et al. Supplementation with active vitamin D3 ameliorates experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in mice by modulating the differentiation and functionality of intrathyroidal T-cell subsets. Front Immunol. 2025;16:1528707. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1528707
- Mendoza-Vargas LÁ, Sevilla-Fuentes S, Bautista-Becerril B, Berthaúd-González B, Falfán-Valencia R, et al. IgG4-RD-Associated Mikulicz Syndrome Without Classic Systemic Involvement-A Case Report. J Clin Med. 2025;14. doi:10.3390/jcm14030958
- Rafati A, Ramezani R, Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh H, Bahrami S, Alvanegh AG, et al. Calcitriol Treated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulated Immune Response in Collagen-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in BALB/c Mice. Transplant Proc. 2025;57:355. doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2024.12.020
- Kilani Y, Alsakarneh S, Madi MY, Mosquera DAG, Ferreira MN, et al. Autoimmune Hepatitis and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Nationwide Perspective. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2025;61:682. doi:10.1111/apt.18438
- Dai J, Song J, Chen X, Ding F, Ding Y, et al. 1,25(OH)D-treated mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells alleviate autoimmune hepatitis in mice by improving TFR/TFH imbalance. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2025;47:59. doi:10.1080/08923973.2024.2435314
- Wielińska J, Górna K, Świerkot J, Bugaj B, Kolossa K, et al. Polymorphic Variants in the Vitamin D Receptor and Clinical Parameters of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Undergoing Anti-TNF Treatment. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2024;72. doi:10.2478/aite-2024-0023
- Yu ZQ, Du HX, Gao S, Liang CZ. Eriocalyxin B ameliorated experimental autoimmune prostatitis via modulation of macrophage polarization through gut microbiota-mediated vitamin D alteration. Phytomedicine. 2024;135:156191. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156191
- Fondelli F, Willemyns J, Domenech-Garcia R, Mansilla MJ, Godoy-Tena G, et al. Targeting aryl hydrocarbon receptor functionally restores tolerogenic dendritic cells derived from patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Invest. 2024;134. doi:10.1172/JCI178949
- Grove-Laugesen D, Ebbehoj E, Watt T, Hansen KW, Rejnmark L. Changes in bone density and microarchitecture following treatment of Graves' disease and the effects of vitamin D supplementation. A randomized clinical trial. Osteoporos Int. 2024;35:2153. doi:10.1007/s00198-024-07241-y
- Zhang Q, He X, Chen W, Jiu J, Gao C, et al. Vitamin D3 attenuates autoimmune thyroiditis by regulating Th17/Treg cell differentiation via YAP/JAK1/STAT1 axis. Immunol Lett. 2024;269:106890. doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106890
- Rodi M, de Lastic AL, Panagoulias I, Aggeletopoulou I, Kelaidonis K, et al. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)35-55 Mannan Conjugate Induces Human T-Cell Tolerance and Can Be Used as a Personalized Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. doi:10.3390/ijms25116092
- Maghbooli Z, Shirvani A, Moghadasi AN, Varzandi T, Hamtaei Ghashti S, et al. Investigating the effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 on clinical outcomes in multiple sclerosis patients: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial- a pilot study. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2024;87:105673. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2024.105673
- Fasihi M, Samimi-Badabi M, Robat-Jazi B, Bitarafan S, Moghadasi AN, et al. Immunoregulatory Effects of the Active Form of Vitamin D (Calcitriol), Individually and in Combination with Curcumin, on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2024;23:138. doi:10.2174/0118715230293847240314073359
- Durá-Travé T, Gallinas-Victoriano F. Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Vitamin D. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. doi:10.3390/ijms25063154
- Qu F, Zhang M, Weinstock-Guttman B, Zivadinov R, Qu J, et al. An ultra-sensitive and high-throughput trapping-micro-LC-MS method for quantification of circulating vitamin D metabolites and application in multiple sclerosis patients. Sci Rep. 2024;14:5545. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-55939-0
